Rupture Uterus: Incidence and Causes - A Three Years Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: Uterine rupture is defined as a full-thickness separation of the uterine wall and the overlying serosa.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of rupture uterus and the factors associated with it in our institution.
Methods: This is a retrospective study in GMC Jammu of three years of patients admitted with rupture uterus from January 2018 to December 2020. The data was analysed to study the incidence and the factors related to it.
Results: During the study period of 3 years, there were 46 cases of rupture uterus among 63708 deliveries giving incidence of 0.7/1000 deliveries. Among the risk factors, previous cesarean section was the most common risk factors associated with 60.86% of the case followed by multiparty (>3) in 47.82% and obstructed labour in 32.60% cases. Most cases (65.21%) underwent hysterectomy (subtotal or total) followed by uterine repair with or without bilateral tubal ligation. There was high maternal morbidity and perinatal mortality (82.6%).
Conclusions: Cesarean section was the major risk factor of rupture uterus. Careful selection and intensive monitoring of VBAC cases and timely cesarean sections should be done to decrease incidence of rupture uterus.