Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Renal Pelvis - A Case Report

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma of kidney is an extremely rare entity comprising for only 0.5-0.8% of malignant renal tumours. This also makes about 0.5%-1 % of all urothelial malignancies. Due to its rare occurrence, it remains a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. Patients present with nonspecific signs and symptoms and even radiological investigations may not help to distinguish it from other neoplastic or non-neoplastic lesions of kidney. Here we present a case report of 60-year-old male presenting with pain abdomen right side for 6 months and generalized weakness for 3 months with presence of huge hydronephrosis of right kidney on radiological examination. Right Radical nephrectomy was done. Histopathological examination of specimen sent showed features of moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma arising from renal pelvis involving renal parenchyma extensively. There was no history of prior radiation or renal calculi. This case emphasizes the rare occurrence of this tumour even in absence of renal calculi and importance of careful histopathological examination of every hydronephrotic kidney specimen.