A Retrospective Clinicopathological Study of Tubal Ectopic Gestation and its Associated Risk Factors in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: Ectopic gestation is an obstetric emergency with high morbidity and mortality. Most common site is fallopian tube. The potential threat for rupture and haemorrhage always exists and it remains a great mimic of other acute abdominal conditions.
Aim and Objectives: To identify common risk factors, presenting symptoms, study various sites of tubal gestation and analyse the histopathological findings.
Material and Methods: This is a one-year retrospective study done in department of Pathology Govt. Medical College, Jammu from 1st Jan 2020 to 31st Dec 2021. All the salpingectomy specimens for clinically diagnosed cases of tubal ectopic gestation were included in the study and analysed.
Results: Present study included 74 cases. The commonest age group affected was 21-30 years (62.16%) and majority were multiparous women (72.97%). The major risk factors were PID (43.24%) followed by non-identifiable risk factors and abortions/D&C in equal number of (13.51%) cases. Tubal ectopic gestation was the commonest site with predominance in ampulla (86.48%). 40 cases (54.05%) presented as ruptured ectopic. Haemorrhage and vascular congestion were main histopathological finding in all 74 cases with accompanying chronic salpingitis in 40 cases (54.05%).
Conclusion: Early diagnosis, timely intervention and prevention of tubal ectopic gestation reduces maternal morbidity and mortality.